Trademark infringements in the domain “.cz”

This article deals with finding and evaluating the extent of trademark infringements in the field of domain “.cz” (further referred to as Czech domain). Not only in the Czech legal environment, the question of disputes between intellectual property rights (esp. trademarks) and domain names has traditionally been included in the interpretation of information technology law (Polčák et al., 2018; Lloyd, 2011) or internet law (Jansa et al., 2016; Edwards & Waelde, 2009). Trademarks have a number of functions in the market economy that are described in a number of professional publications (e.g. Horáček et al., 2017) and also extended by follow-up judicial practice. The trademark is an important business identifier for entrepreneurs. It reinforces sales of goods and services on the market, therefore, the entrepreneurs invest considerable financial resources into promoting it (see, for example, Crass et al., 2019). Its basic function is to distinguish the products or services of one trader from the products and services of another and it protects consumers from misleading (Lukose, 2013)